ADHD Treatment For Adults - Stimulant Medication
Adult ADHD is treated by stimulant medications like methylphenidate or dextroamphetamine. These drugs regulate and boost levels of brain chemicals known as neurotransmitters.
Non-stimulant medications like antidepressants and atomoxetine can be prescribed if stimulants are not appropriate for the patient due to other health problems or side effects. These medications have a slower effect than stimulants, and can reduce the impulsivity and lack of focus.
Stimulants
Stimulants increase brain neurotransmitters, norepinephrine and dopamine, which improves attention and decreases impulsivity and hyperactivity. effects of untreated adhd in adults are used to treat ADHD in both adults and children. Different brands of stimulant medications are available, and each has its own benefits and side negative effects. Most people respond better to long-acting medications that accumulate in the body over time. This reduces the "ups-and-downs" that can be caused by fluctuating levels of medication, which may worsen symptoms as the medication is used up. The FDA has approved several ADHD medications, including methylphenidates and amphetamines (including Ritalin, Concerta and Concerta).
Non-stimulants
These medications can take longer to work, but they can also aid in treating adult adhd. These medications are referred to as alpha-2 adrenergic, or norepinephrine inhibitors. They are typically prescribed to treat high blood pressure, but they have been used for years "off-label", to treat ADHD among children and adults. Because they don't affect the epinephrine system in the same way that stimulants do, they are less likely to cause severe adverse effects or addiction. These medications work for up 24 hours and can be taken regularly to decrease the risk of impulsivity.
Some patients with ADHD are unable to tolerate stimulants due to their side effects. In these cases doctors may prescribe antidepressants along with stimulants to lessen side effects. These include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine (Tofranil) and nortriptyline (Aventyl or Pamelor). Antidepressants can cause more complicated adverse effects than stimulants and are only used when other medications don't work.
Diet and exercise may aid in treating ADHD. A well-balanced diet is important for everyone, but it's especially important for people with ADHD. A healthy diet can help improve concentration and decrease impulsive behaviors and cravings for food. People with ADHD should consult with a physician before making changes to their diet or removing all foods.
Counseling
Adults with ADHD are able to benefit from therapy or psychological counseling. This type of therapy helps individuals develop strategies to manage their issues and teach them skills to improve their lives. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is one kind of therapy that has been found to be effective for adults with ADHD. CBT is designed to transform negative thinking patterns and replace them with more positive ones. Family and marital therapy can be beneficial for people with ADHD.
Self-help methods such as improving sleep patterns and limiting caffeine consumption can also help to reduce ADHD symptoms. People suffering from ADHD should consult their primary care doctor regarding a referral to an ADHD specialist. A therapist or psychiatrist who has experience treating adults with ADHD might be able to assist patients in finding the best combination of treatments. They can offer support and advice on how to manage ADHD at school, work or home. They can also assist parents or spouses understand how to better communicate with the child or partner with ADHD and how to deal with the challenges associated with living with ADHD.